新概念英语第二册《脱逃》课程解析

新概念英语第二册《脱逃》课程解析

　　When he had killed the guard, the prisoner of war quickly dragged him into the bushes. Working rapidly in the darkness, he soon changed into the dead man's clothes. Now, dressed in a blue uniform and with a rifle over his shoulder, the prisoner marched boldly up and down in front of the camp. He could hear shouting in the camp itself. Lights were blazing and men were running here and there: they had just discovered that a prisoner had escaped. At that moment, a large black car with four officers inside it, stopped at the camp gates. The officers got out and the prisoner stood to attention and saluted as they passed. When they had gone, the driver of the car came towards him. The man obviously wanted to talk. He was rather elderly with grey hair and clear blue eyes. The prisoner felt sorry for him, but there was nothing else he could do. As the man came near, the prisoner knocked him to the ground with a sharp blow. Then, jumping into the car, he drove off as quickly as he could.

　　参考译文

　　那个战俘杀死卫兵以后，迅速地把尸体拖进了灌木丛。他在黑暗中忙活了一阵儿，很快就换上了死者的衣服。现在他身穿蓝军装，肩扛步枪，在军营门前大胆地来回走着。他听得军营里面的喧闹声。那里灯火通明，人们在东奔西跑：他们刚刚发现有一个俘虏跑了。正在此时，一辆黑色大轿车在军营门口停了下来。里面坐了4个军官。军官们下了车，战俘立正站好，并在他们从他面前经过时敬了礼。他们走后，汽车司机向他走来，这人显然是想聊天。他上了年纪，有着灰白的头发和明亮的蓝眼睛。战俘为他感到惋惜，但却没有别的选择。当这个人走近时，战俘一拳把他打倒在地，然后跳进车里，以最快的速度把车开走了。

　　prisoner n. 囚犯

　　bush n. 灌木丛

　　rapidly adv. 迅速地

　　uniform n. 制服

　　rifle n. 来福枪，步枪

　　shoulder n. 肩

　　march v. 行进

　　boldly adv. 大胆地

　　blaze v. 闪耀

　　salute v. 行礼

　　elderly adj. 上了年纪的

　　grey adj. 灰白的

　　sharp adj. 猛烈的

　　blow n. 打击

　　He was rather elderly with grey hair and clear blue eyes.

　　fairly, quite, rather, very, pretty用法区别

　　一、含义上的区别

　　这几个副词都可表示程度，fairly 语气最轻，尽管经常与褒义词连用，但由于语气较弱，往往不带明显的恭维或赞赏，通常译为“还算”、“相当”相当 fairly good，指的可能是还勉强过得去，只是没有否定。

　　2. quite 语气稍重，意为“颇”或“相当”。要是说某一部电影quite good，那是说这部电影相当不错，虽不是最好，但至少值得看。

　　3. rather 或 pretty 在语气上又稍重一点，意为“十分”或“相当”(pretty 不如 rather 正式)。要是说某一部电影 rather / pretty good，指的是这电影相当不错，语气比较重，意指要高出一般水平或出乎意料地好。两者均可与褒义或贬义形容词连用。与褒义词连用，表示一种愉快的心情，与贬义(包括不褒不贬)词连用，表示一种不赞成或不满意的心情。如：She looked rather [quite] nervous. 她显得相当紧张。It’s a rather [quite] interesting book. 它是一本相当有趣的书。She looked rather [quite] disappointed about it. 她对此显得相当失望。4. very 语气最强，意为“很”或“或非常”。 要是说某一部电影very good，这是说这部电影很不错，算得上是精品之作。以上几个副词按语气的轻重可大致描述为：(not) → fairly → quite → rather / pretty → very

　　二、用法上的差别

　　1. 以上各词中，只有 rather 可以与比较级以及副词 too (太)连用。如：It’s rather warmer today. 今天暖和多了。

　　This one is rather too large. 这个稍大了一点。The exercise was rather too difficult. 这练习未免太难了。注：quite 有时也与比较级连用, 但主要限于quite better (身体好)这一表达中。

　　2. rather 和 quite 有时可直接修饰动词，而其他几个副词一般不这样用。如：I quite agree with you. 我完全同意你(的意见)。We rather like the book. 我们很喜欢这本书。

　　3. rather, quite 与“冠词 形容词 名词”连用时, 通常置于冠词之前，有时也可放在冠词之后。但遇此类似情况，very 或 fairly 则只能放在冠词之后(形容词之前)。如：It’s quite [rather] a good idea. =It’s a quite [rather] good idea. 那可真是个好主意。注：若此结构中没有形容词，则quite和rather 只能放在冠词之前。如：It was quite [rather] a success. 那事相当成功。The news gave us rather [quite] a shock. 这消息使我们颇为震惊。It’s rather [quite] a shame that he missed the concert. 他未能参加音乐会真有些可惜。

　　4. 修饰不可分级的形容词(如right, wrong, ready, full, empty, perfect, impossible, alone, unique 等)，通常只用 quite，此时quite 并不表示“相当”或“很”，而表示“完全”。如：You’re quite right (wrong). 你完全正确(错了)。That’s quite impossible. 那完全不可能。

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