英语探索发展项目失败的原因

时间：2021-12-20 19:02:03 英语我要投稿

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英语探索发展项目失败的原因

　　Why Development Projects Fail:One Size Does Not Fit All

英语探索发展项目失败的原因

　　This is the VOA Special English Development Report.

　　Last week we told you about FAILFaire, an event where people talk about international development projects that failed.

　　Many of these projects started as good ideas. Others had some level of success, but not enough to have a measurable effect on the lives of people in developing countries.

　　A nonprofit group in New York called MobileActive held the first FAILFaire earlier this year. MobileActive is made up of people and organizations that use technology to try to improve the lives of the poor.

　　Katrin Verclas came up with the idea for FAILFaire as a way to help nonprofit groups improve by learning from the mistakes of others.

　　Katrin Verclas: "The primary goal is to learn from failure and not to repeat the same mistakes over and over again. And for a community of practitioners to benefit from the lessons learned from other people so that we can do better the next time around, collectively as a field, and individually as organizations and practitioners."

　　Katrin Verclas says there are many reasons why projects fail, but one reason tops all others. She says development projects are not "one size fits all," yet many people try to import ideas as if they were.

　　What they fail to consider, she says, is the desires of the local people or their cultural, economic and political differences. She says the problem for many nongovernmental organizations and other groups is simply not knowing their audience.

　　Katrin Verclas: "Western organizations, or NGOs, or donors in particular have particular ideas about what might be alleviating a particular problem in a developing country, without a really good understanding of the end users or the beneficiaries."

　　The creator of FAILFaire says this is true not only with technology but other projects as well. Ms. Verclas hopes nonprofits in other industries and fields will create their own versions of FAILFaire.

　　A second FAILFaire took place in July in Washington. The World Bank Institute co-sponsored the event. To Katrin Verclas, it was a good sign to have the World Bank support such open discussions about failure.

　　Katrin Verclas: "We have a lot riding on this, after all. It’s not just products; it’s people’s lives and well-being and livelihoods in many developing countries that we’re talking about. So it’s incumbent upon us to be very, very honest about what projects aren’t performing according to expectations."

　　An award for the best worst failure story went to Michael Trucano from the World Bank Institute. What he presented was in fact a list. It was a list of what he considers the worst practices in the use of information and communication technologies in education.

　　Mr. Trucano gets to keep the award until the next FAILFaire, which is expected to be held on the West Coast this fall. You can find a link to his list of the top ten worst practices at www.tingvoa.com.

　　And that’s the VOA Special English Development Report, written by June Simms. I’m Steve Ember.

　　这里是美国之音特别英语发展报道。

　　上周我们讨论了FAILFaire。在该会议上，人们对失败的国际发展项目进行讨论。

　　许多项目的想法是很好的。其他一些已经取得了一定水平的成功，但是不足以对发展中国家人们的生活产生可衡量的影响。

　　今年年初，纽约一个名为MobileActive的非营利组织举办了第一届FAILFaire。MobileActive由一些依靠技术提高穷人生活的个人和组织组成。

　　Katrin Verclas提出了一个想法，把FAILFaire作为从别人的失误中学习从而帮助非营利组织的方式。

　　Katrin Verclas：“首要的目标是从失败中吸取教训，不要重蹈覆辙。让实践者从别人的教训中获益，这样的话，无论是一个领域，还是独立的组织和实践者，下次都可以做的更好。”

　　Katrin Verclas称项目失败的原因很多，但有一个原因最重要。她表示，发展项目并非放之四海皆准，然而很多人却试图引进别人的想法。

　　她称，他们在当地人的需求，以及他们文化、经济和政治差异方面考虑不足。她表示，很多非政府机构和其他组织的问题是根本不了解他们的目标群体。

　　Katrin Verclas：“西方组织，或者非政府机构，尤其是捐助者只是对能够缓解某个发展中国家的某个特定问题有独特的想法，而对终端用户或受益者没有真正的了解。”

　　FAILFaire的创立者称不仅技术项目如此，其他项目也是如此。Verclas希望其他行业和领域的非营利组织创建他们自己版本的FAILFaire。

　　第二届FAILFaire于7月份在华盛顿举行，世界银行协会(The World Bank Institute)承办了这次活动。对于Verclas而言，对失败的讨论能够获得世界银行的支持是一个好现象。

　　Katrin Verclas：“毕竟这里面有很多因素，我们讨论的不仅仅是产品，还有发展中国家人们的生活，福利以及生计问题。所以我们必须坦诚面对这些不能达到预期效果的项目。”

　　“最佳”失败经历奖颁给了来自世界银行研究所的Michael Trucano。他提供了一个清单，列出了他认为信息与通信技术在教育领域使应用方面最差的项目。

　　Trucano希望在今年秋季在西岸召开的下届FAILFaire上仍然能够拿到该奖项。

　　1.measurable adj.明显的;重大的

　　例句：There’s been a measureable improvement in his work.

　　他的工作已有很大改进。

　　2.primary adj.首要的; 主要的; 基本的

　　例句：The primary cause of Tom's failure is his laziness.

　　汤姆失败的根本原因是懒惰。

　　3.practitioner n.从业者(尤指医师),（尤指医学或法律界的）从业人员

　　例句：She was a medical practitioner before she entered politics.

　　从政前她是个开业医生。

　　4.collectively adv.全体地；共同地

　　例句：the right of workers to bargain collectively

　　工人集体谈判的权利

　　The houses are owned collectively by the company.

　　这些房子属公司集体所有。

　　5.top v.超过；胜过；高过；升到…之上；高于

　　例句：He tops the rest in scholarship.

　　他的学识超过其他人。

　　6.alleviate vt.(在痛苦方面)减轻, 缓解, 缓和

　　例句：The doctor gave her an injection to alleviate the pain.

　　医生给她注射以减轻疼痛。

　　7.sponsor vt.赞助, 发起, 主办

　　例句：The United States sponsored the important meeting.

　　美国主办了那次重要的会议。

　　8.incumbent adj.义不容辞的

　　例句：It is incumbent upon us to do so.

　　这样做是我们义不容辞的责任。

　　1.MobileActive is made up of people and organizations that use technology to try to improve the lives of the poor.

　　made up of由…组成，由…构成

　　例句：The committee is made up of fifty people.

　　委员会是由五十个人组成的。

　　2.Katrin Verclas came up with the idea for FAILFaire as a way to help nonprofit groups improve by learning from the mistakes of others.

　　come up with想出, 提出

　　例句：I hope you can come up with a better plan than this.

　　我希望你们能提出一个比这个更好的计划。

　　3.She says development projects are not "one size fits all," yet many people try to import ideas as if they were.

　　as if好像, 似乎, 仿佛

　　例句：Why doesn't she buy me a drink?It isn't as if she had no money!

　　她为什么不给我买一点饮料?好像她没钱似的!

　　4.We have a lot riding on this, after all.

　　after all毕竟; 究竟

　　例句：Don't get discouraged by setbacks, we are new to the work after all.

　　别因挫折而灰心, 这工作对我们来说毕竟还是陌生的。

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